{"id":1998,"date":"2019-05-27T21:00:04","date_gmt":"2019-05-27T18:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/?p=1998"},"modified":"2024-12-16T22:32:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T19:32:37","slug":"decorator-pattern","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/2019\/05\/27\/decorator-pattern\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9corateur de motifs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le mod\u00e8le Decorator fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 des mod\u00e8les de conception structurelle.<br \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2012\" src=\"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pexels-photo-348601.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"380\" height=\"252\" \/><br \/>\nLe d\u00e9corateur est utilis\u00e9 comme alternative \u00e0 l&#8217;h\u00e9ritage pour \u00e9tendre les fonctionnalit\u00e9s des classes.<br \/>Il existe une t\u00e2che consistant \u00e0 \u00e9tendre les fonctionnalit\u00e9s de l&#8217;application en fonction du type de produit. Le client a besoin de trois types de produits\u00a0: Basique, Professionnel, Ultime.<br \/>De base&#8211; compte le nombre de caract\u00e8res, Professionnel &#8211; capacit\u00e9s Basic + imprime le texte en majuscules, Ultimate &#8211; Basic + Professional + imprime le texte disant ULTIMATE.<br \/>Nous l&#8217;impl\u00e9mentons en utilisant l&#8217;h\u00e9ritage\u00a0:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-unknown\" data-lang=\"unknown\"><code>protocol Feature {\n\tfunc textOperation(text: String)\n}\n\nclass BasicVersionFeature: Feature {\n\tfunc textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tprint(\"\\(text.count)\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass ProfessionalVersionFeature: BasicVersionFeature {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"\\(text.uppercased())\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass UltimateVersionFeature: ProfessionalVersionFeature {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"ULTIMATE: \\(text)\")\n\t}\n}\n\nlet textToFormat = \"Hello Decorator\"\n\nlet basicProduct = BasicVersionFeature()\nbasicProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet professionalProduct = ProfessionalVersionFeature()\nprofessionalProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet ultimateProduct = UltimateVersionFeature()\nultimateProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Il est d\u00e9sormais n\u00e9cessaire de mettre en \u0153uvre le produit \u00ab\u00a0Ultimate Light\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u2013\u00a08211\u00a0; Basic + Ultimate mais sans les capacit\u00e9s de la version Professionnelle. Le premier OH! arrive, parce que&#8230; vous devrez cr\u00e9er une classe distincte pour une t\u00e2che aussi simple et dupliquer le code.<br \/>Continuons l&#8217;impl\u00e9mentation en utilisant l&#8217;h\u00e9ritage\u00a0:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-unknown\" data-lang=\"unknown\"><code>protocol Feature {\n\tfunc textOperation(text: String)\n}\n\nclass BasicVersionFeature: Feature {\n\tfunc textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tprint(\"\\(text.count)\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass ProfessionalVersionFeature: BasicVersionFeature {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"\\(text.uppercased())\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass UltimateVersionFeature: ProfessionalVersionFeature {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"ULTIMATE: \\(text)\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass UltimateLightVersionFeature: BasicVersionFeature {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"ULTIMATE: \\(text)\")\t\n\t}\n}\n\nlet textToFormat = \"Hello Decorator\"\n\nlet basicProduct = BasicVersionFeature()\nbasicProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet professionalProduct = ProfessionalVersionFeature()\nprofessionalProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet ultimateProduct = UltimateVersionFeature()\nultimateProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet ultimateLightProduct = UltimateLightVersionFeature()\nultimateLightProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>L&#8217;exemple peut \u00eatre d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 davantage pour plus de clart\u00e9, mais m\u00eame maintenant, la complexit\u00e9 de la prise en charge d&#8217;un syst\u00e8me bas\u00e9 sur une base d&#8217;h\u00e9ritage est visible &#8211; encombrant et manque de flexibilit\u00e9.<br \/>Un d\u00e9corateur est un ensemble de protocoles d\u00e9crivant la fonctionnalit\u00e9, une classe abstraite contenant une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 une instance concr\u00e8te enfant de la classe d\u00e9corateur qui \u00e9tend la fonctionnalit\u00e9.<br \/>R\u00e9\u00e9crivons l&#8217;exemple ci-dessus en utilisant le mod\u00e8le\u00a0:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-unknown\" data-lang=\"unknown\"><code>protocol Feature {\n\tfunc textOperation(text: String)\n}\n\nclass FeatureDecorator: Feature {\n\tprivate var feature: Feature?\n\t\n\tinit(feature: Feature? = nil) {\n\t\tself.feature = feature\n\t}\n\t\n\tfunc textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tfeature?.textOperation(text: text)\n\t}\n}\n\nclass BasicVersionFeature: FeatureDecorator {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"\\(text.count)\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass ProfessionalVersionFeature: FeatureDecorator {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"\\(text.uppercased())\")\n\t}\n}\n\nclass UltimateVersionFeature: FeatureDecorator {\n\toverride func textOperation(text: String) {\n\t\tsuper.textOperation(text: text)\n\t\tprint(\"ULTIMATE: \\(text)\")\n\t}\n}\n\nlet textToFormat = \"Hello Decorator\"\n\nlet basicProduct = BasicVersionFeature(feature: UltimateVersionFeature())\nbasicProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet professionalProduct = ProfessionalVersionFeature(feature: UltimateVersionFeature())\nprofessionalProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet ultimateProduct = BasicVersionFeature(feature: UltimateVersionFeature(feature: ProfessionalVersionFeature()))\nultimateProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n\nlet ultimateLightProduct = BasicVersionFeature(feature: UltimateVersionFeature())\nultimateLightProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Nous pouvons d\u00e9sormais cr\u00e9er des variantes de n&#8217;importe quel type de produit &#8211;\u00a0il suffit d&#8217;initialiser les types combin\u00e9s au stade du lancement de l&#8217;application ; l&#8217;exemple ci-dessous est la cr\u00e9ation de la version Ultimate + Professional\u00a0:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-unknown\" data-lang=\"unknown\"><code>ultimateProfessionalProduct.textOperation(text: textToFormat)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Sources<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/refactoring.guru\/ru\/design-patterns\/decorator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/refactoring.guru\/ru\/design-patterns\/decorator <\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Code source<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/demensdeum\/patterns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/demensdeum\/patterns<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le mod\u00e8le Decorator fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 des mod\u00e8les de conception structurelle. Le d\u00e9corateur est utilis\u00e9 comme alternative \u00e0 l&#8217;h\u00e9ritage pour \u00e9tendre les fonctionnalit\u00e9s des classes.Il existe une t\u00e2che consistant \u00e0 \u00e9tendre les fonctionnalit\u00e9s de l&#8217;application en fonction du type de produit. Le client a besoin de trois types de produits\u00a0: Basique, Professionnel, Ultime.De base&#8211; compte<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/2019\/05\/27\/decorator-pattern\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;D\u00e9corateur de motifs&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,52],"tags":[104,95],"class_list":["post-1998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-techie","category-tutorials","tag-decorator","tag-patterns","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"fr","enabled_languages":["en","ru","zh","de","fr","ja","pt"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1998"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3957,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1998\/revisions\/3957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}