{"id":3181,"date":"2022-06-26T22:58:17","date_gmt":"2022-06-26T19:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/?p=3181"},"modified":"2024-12-16T22:32:19","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T19:32:19","slug":"counting-sort","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/2022\/06\/26\/counting-sort\/","title":{"rendered":"Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de contagem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de contagem &#8211; algoritmo de classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de contagem. Em termos de? Sim! Simples assim!<\/p>\n<p>O algoritmo envolve pelo menos dois arrays, o primeiro &#8211; lista de inteiros a serem classificados, segundo &#8211; uma matriz de tamanho = (n\u00famero m\u00e1ximo &#8211; n\u00famero m\u00ednimo) + 1, contendo inicialmente apenas zeros. Em seguida, os n\u00fameros s\u00e3o classificados na primeira matriz e o elemento num\u00e9rico \u00e9 usado para obter um \u00edndice na segunda matriz, que \u00e9 incrementado em um. Depois de percorrer toda a lista, obteremos um segundo array completamente preenchido com o n\u00famero de repeti\u00e7\u00f5es dos n\u00fameros do primeiro. <strong>O algoritmo tem uma s\u00e9ria sobrecarga &#8211; a segunda matriz tamb\u00e9m cont\u00e9m zeros para n\u00fameros que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o na primeira lista, a chamada. sobrecarga da mem\u00f3ria<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ap\u00f3s receber o segundo array, iteramos por ele e escrevemos a vers\u00e3o ordenada do n\u00famero por \u00edndice, decrementando o contador a zero. Inicialmente, um contador zero \u00e9 ignorado.<\/p>\n<p>Um exemplo de opera\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o otimizada do algoritmo de classifica\u00e7\u00e3o por contagem:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Matriz de entrada 1,9,1,4,6,4,4<\/li>\n<li>Ent\u00e3o o array a ser contado ser\u00e1 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 (n\u00famero m\u00ednimo 0, m\u00e1ximo 9)<\/li>\n<li>Com contadores totais 0,2,0,0,3,0,1,0,0,1<\/li>\n<li>Matriz classificada total 1,1,4,4,4,6,9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>C\u00f3digo do algoritmo em Python 3:<\/p>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-unknown\" data-lang=\"unknown\"><code>\nnumbers = [42, 89, 69, 777, 22, 35, 42, 69, 42, 90, 777]\n\nminimal = min(numbers)\nmaximal = max(numbers)\ncountListRange = maximal - minimal\ncountListRange += 1\ncountList = [0] * countListRange\n\nprint(numbers)\nprint(f\"Minimal number: {minimal}\")\nprint(f\"Maximal number: {maximal}\")\nprint(f\"Count list size: {countListRange}\")\n\nfor number in numbers:\n    index = number - minimal\n    countList[index] += 1\n\nreplacingIndex = 0\nfor index, count in enumerate(countList):\n    for i in range(count):\n        outputNumber = minimal + index\n        numbers[replacingIndex] = outputNumber\n        replacingIndex += 1\n\nprint(numbers)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 <strong>O<\/strong>(<strong>n<\/strong> + <strong>k<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<h3>\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/demensdeum\/algorithms\/-\/tree\/master\/sortAlgorithms\/countingSort\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/demensdeum\/algorithms\/-\/tree\/master\/sortAlgorithms\/countingSort<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6dk_csyWif0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6dk_csyWif0 <\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OKd534EWcdk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OKd534EWcdk <\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Counting_sort\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Counting_sort<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/rosettacode.org\/wiki\/Sorting_algorithms\/Counting_sort\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/rosettacode.org\/wiki\/Sorting_algorithms\/Counting_sort<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pro-prof.com\/forums\/topic\/%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC-%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pro-prof.com\/forums\/topic\/%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC-%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de contagem &#8211; algoritmo de classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de contagem. Em termos de? Sim! Simples assim! O algoritmo envolve pelo menos dois arrays, o primeiro &#8211; lista de inteiros a serem classificados, segundo &#8211; uma matriz de tamanho = (n\u00famero m\u00e1ximo &#8211; n\u00famero m\u00ednimo) + 1, contendo inicialmente apenas zeros. Em seguida, os n\u00fameros s\u00e3o classificados<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/2022\/06\/26\/counting-sort\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de contagem&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,52],"tags":[131,191,190],"class_list":["post-3181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-techie","category-tutorials","tag-algorithms","tag-counting-sort","tag-sorting","entry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"pt","enabled_languages":["en","ru","zh","de","fr","ja","pt"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3181"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3879,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3181\/revisions\/3879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demensdeum.com\/blog\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}