模式中介者

中介者模式指的是行为设计​​模式。

有一天，您收到一份开发笑话应用程序的订单 –用户按下屏幕中间的按钮，就会听到鸭子嘎嘎的有趣声音。
上传到应用商店后，该应用程序大受欢迎：每个人都在浏览你的应用程序，埃隆·马斯克在下一次火星超高速隧道启动时在他的 Instagram 上嘎嘎叫，希拉里·克林顿在辩论中击败了唐纳德·特朗普并赢得乌克兰选举，成功！
应用程序的简单实现如下所示：

class DuckButton {
    func didPress() {
        print("quack!")
    }
}

let duckButton = DuckButton()
duckButton.didPress()

接下来，您决定添加狗吠的声音，为此您需要显示两个用于选择声音的按钮：与一只鸭子和一只狗。让我们创建两个按钮类：DuckButton 和 DogButton。
更改代码：

class DuckButton {
    func didPress() {
        print("quack!")
    }
}

class DogButton {
    func didPress() {
        print("bark!")
    }
}

let duckButton = DuckButton()
duckButton.didPress()

let dogButton = DogButton()
dogButton.didPress()

再一次成功后，我们添加了猪叫声，已经有三类按钮了：

class DuckButton {
    func didPress() {
        print("quack!")
    }
}

class DogButton {
    func didPress() {
        print("bark!")
    }
}

class PigButton {
    func didPress() {
        print("oink!")
    }
}

let duckButton = DuckButton()
duckButton.didPress()

let dogButton = DogButton()
dogButton.didPress()

let pigButton = PigButton()
pigButton.didPress()

用户抱怨声音相互重叠。
我们添加一个检查来防止这种情况发生，同时将类相互引入：

class DuckButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var dogButton: DogButton?
    var pigButton: PigButton?
    func didPress() {
        guard dogButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                pigButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("quack!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class DogButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var duckButton: DuckButton?
    var pigButton: PigButton?
    func didPress() {
        guard duckButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                pigButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("bark!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class PigButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var duckButton: DuckButton?
    var dogButton: DogButton?
    func didPress() {
        guard duckButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false && 
                dogButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("oink!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

let duckButton = DuckButton()
duckButton.didPress()

let dogButton = DogButton()
dogButton.didPress()

let pigButton = PigButton()
pigButton.didPress()

在您申请成功的浪潮中，政府决定制定一项法律，规定移动设备上的嘎嘎声、吠声和咕噜声只能在工作日的上午 9:00 至 15:00 进行；届时，您的应用程序的用户将面临因使用个人电子设备制作淫秽声音而被判处 5 年监禁的风险。
更改代码：

import Foundation

extension Date {
    func mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() -> Bool {
        let hour = Calendar.current.component(.hour, from: self)
        let weekend = Calendar.current.isDateInWeekend(self)
        
        let result = hour >= 9 && hour <= 14 && weekend == false
        
        return result
    }
}

class DuckButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var dogButton: DogButton?
    var pigButton: PigButton?
    func didPress() {
        guard dogButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                pigButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                 Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() == true else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("quack!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class DogButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var duckButton: DuckButton?
    var pigButton: PigButton?
    func didPress() {
        guard duckButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                pigButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                 Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() == true else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("bark!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class PigButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var duckButton: DuckButton?
    var dogButton: DogButton?
    func didPress() {
        guard duckButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false && 
                dogButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                 Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() == true else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("oink!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

let duckButton = DuckButton()
let dogButton = DogButton()
let pigButton = PigButton()

duckButton.dogButton = dogButton
duckButton.pigButton = pigButton

dogButton.duckButton = duckButton
dogButton.pigButton = pigButton

pigButton.duckButton = duckButton
pigButton.dogButton = dogButton

duckButton.didPress()
dogButton.didPress()
pigButton.didPress()

突然，手电筒应用程序开始将我们的应用程序挤出市场，我们不要让它打败我们，通过按“oink-oink”按钮添加手电筒，以及其余按钮：

import Foundation

extension Date {
    func mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() -> Bool {
        let hour = Calendar.current.component(.hour, from: self)
        let weekend = Calendar.current.isDateInWeekend(self)
        
        let result = hour >= 9 && hour <= 14 && weekend == false
        
        return result
    }
}

class Flashlight {

    var isOn = false

    func turn(on: Bool) {
        isOn = on
    }
}

class DuckButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var dogButton: DogButton?
    var pigButton: PigButton?
    var flashlight: Flashlight?
    func didPress() {
        flashlight?.turn(on: true)
        guard dogButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                pigButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                 Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() == true else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("quack!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class DogButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var duckButton: DuckButton?
    var pigButton: PigButton?
    var flashlight: Flashlight?
    func didPress() {
        flashlight?.turn(on: true)
        guard duckButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                pigButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                 Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() == true else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("bark!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class PigButton {
    var isMakingSound = false
    var duckButton: DuckButton?
    var dogButton: DogButton?
    var flashlight: Flashlight?
    func didPress() {
        flashlight?.turn(on: true)
        guard duckButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false && 
                dogButton?.isMakingSound ?? false == false &&
                 Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() == true else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        print("oink!")
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

let flashlight = Flashlight()
let duckButton = DuckButton()
let dogButton = DogButton()
let pigButton = PigButton()

duckButton.dogButton = dogButton
duckButton.pigButton = pigButton
duckButton.flashlight = flashlight

dogButton.duckButton = duckButton
dogButton.pigButton = pigButton
dogButton.flashlight = flashlight

pigButton.duckButton = duckButton
pigButton.dogButton = dogButton
pigButton.flashlight = flashlight

duckButton.didPress()
dogButton.didPress()
pigButton.didPress()

这样一来，我们就有了一个庞大的应用程序，其中包含大量的复制粘贴代码，里面的类之间通过死链接连接起来——不存在弱耦合，这样的奇迹很难维护，而且由于犯错误的可能性很高，因此未来会发生变化。

使用中介器

让我们添加一个中间中介类 - ApplicationController。该类将提供对象的松耦合，确保类之间的职责分离，并消除重复的代码。
让我们重写一下：

import Foundation

class ApplicationController {

    private var isMakingSound = false
    private let flashlight = Flashlight()
    private var soundButtons: [SoundButton] = []

    func add(soundButton: SoundButton) {
        soundButtons.append(soundButton)
    }
    
    func didPress(soundButton: SoundButton) {
        flashlight.turn(on: true)
        guard Date().mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() && 
                isMakingSound == false else { return }
        isMakingSound = true
        soundButton.didPress()
        isMakingSound = false
    }
}

class SoundButton {
    let soundText: String
    
    init(soundText: String) {
        self.soundText = soundText
    }
    
    func didPress() {
        print(soundText)
    }
}

class Flashlight {
    var isOn = false

    func turn(on: Bool) {
        isOn = on
    }
}

extension Date {
    func mobileDeviceAllowedSoundTime() -> Bool {
        let hour = Calendar.current.component(.hour, from: self)
        let weekend = Calendar.current.isDateInWeekend(self)
        
        let result = hour >= 9 && hour <= 14 && weekend == false
        
        return result
    }
}

let applicationController = ApplicationController()
let pigButton = SoundButton(soundText: "oink!")
let dogButton = SoundButton(soundText: "bark!")
let duckButton = SoundButton(soundText: "quack!")

applicationController.add(soundButton: pigButton)
applicationController.add(soundButton: dogButton)
applicationController.add(soundButton: duckButton)

pigButton.didPress()
dogButton.didPress()
duckButton.didPress()

许多有关用户界面应用程序体系结构的文章描述了 MVC 模式及其派生物。模型用于处理业务逻辑数据，视图或表示在界面中向用户显示信息/提供与用户的交互，控制器是确保系统组件交互的中介者。

来源

https://refactoring.guru/ru/design-patterns/调解员

源代码

https://gitlab.com/demensdeum/patterns/< /p>

Published by demensdeum

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